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%  TOUS LES FORMES SONT APRES \Biy

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{\verysmall .}
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        \centerline{\bftwenty Introduction}
\mni
The ancestors of \cw\ have been divided into seven groups as indicated in the following diagram:
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The first thing to notice is that the  grouping of people  is  divided into two main groups,  \lq \dau\rq\  
and 
\lq\mar\rq. The three people listed  on the left were all born in \dau,  as were some of their ancestors and 
descendants. On the right only Alexandre \wl\ was born in \mar,  but both Madeleine Bloch and Am\ae lie \le\ 
married men from there and their children were  all born in \mar. Ancestors of the people whose name 
designates a group are traced as far back as possible in the discussion of the group,  unless some of these 
earlier ancestors have their own group.
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\mni
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The second thing to notice is that the diagram is not symmetrical  from a generational point of view. At the 
beginning I started to group the ancestors by parents,  grandparents etc.,  but I realized that this would 
obscure matters. The main reason for this is the fact that the parents of \cw\ were cousins,  with the two 
grandmothers being the children of Marie \kl\ and Solomon \ml. Since children  of a couple are 
always listed with the wife,   the two grandmothers of \cw,  as well  as her father and paternal grandfather 
are 
discussed in the bottom grouping, \lq \cw\rq.  Am\ae lie \le\ was the mother of Coralie Weill's paternal 
grandfather and 
both she and her husband Jacques Weil are discussed in the grouping \lq Am\ae lie \le\rq. Madeleine Bloch and 
Alexandre  Weil, the parents of 
Jacques Weil,    are discussed in their respective groups.
On the left Gottschau \wr,  who married a daughter of Marie \kl\ and Solomon \ml, has his own group as do 
these latter two  people.
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From a strictly genealogical  viewpoint the major discovery was the fact that the two \ml\ families  and the 
Weillers who lived in the early nineteenth century in \dau\ had a common ancestral pair in J\uu del G\uo 
tsch and 
Solomon \ml. They were both born in the early seventeen hundreds with Solomon \ml\ passing away in 1810
at the ripe old  age of ninety-six! This is all discussed in detail in the chapters dealing with their 
great-grandsons   Solomon \ml\ and Gottschau \wr. The following chart indicates some of the relationships and 
this is followed by an abbreviated generational list with  J\uu del G\uo tsch and Solomon \ml\ representing 
the 
first generation.
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 %\centerline{\bf  The \ml\ and \wr\ Ancestors of Coralie \wl}
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\nin
\centerline{\bf Generation  -2 }
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  \kern -1.4pt  {\bffourteen  Moyse-Samuel},  {second half  of the  seventeenth  century}.
 \itemitem{}Father of Naftaly {\rm\<<}Hirtzel{\rm \>>}.
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\centerline{\bf Generation  -1 }
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  \kern -1.4pt{\bffourteen  G\uo tsch},   {end of the  seventeenth century}.
   \itemitem{}Father of   J\uu del G\uo tsch.
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\lineb
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   \kern -1.4pt{\bffourteen J\uu del},   {end of the   seventeenth century}.
 \itemitem{}Mother of  Solomon \ml. 
\sni
  \kern -1.4pt{\bffourteen {Naftaly {\rm\<<}Hirtzel{\rm \>>}}},  {end of the   seventeenth century}. 
  \itemitem{} Father of  Solomon \ml.
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\bni
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\centerline{\bf Generation  1}
\sni
 \kern -1.4pt{\bffourteen J\uu del G\uo tsch},  beginning  of the  eighteenth  century.
 \itemitem{} Marriage with Solomon \ml\ ca.\th 1740?
  \itemitem{}Mother of Jacques \ml\ and Schmulen Solomon.
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 \kern -1.4pt{\bffourteen Solomon \ml},   ca.\ 1714, \dau\gl?\tiret1810.03.13 \dau.
  
\bni
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\centerline{\bf Generation  2}
\sni
  \kern -1.4pt{\bffourteen Jacques \ml},  ca.\ 1741 \dau\gl? \tiret 1813.02.16,   \dau.
\itemitem{} Marriage  with Marie-Anne Solomon:\th 1768.08.23,  Wittersheim.
\itemitem{} Father of Daniel \ml.
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\lineb
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\kern -1.4pt{\bffourteen Schmulen Solomon},  ca.\ 1744,  \dau\gl? \tiret 1806.05.21,  \dau.
\itemitem{} Marriage with Fromet David:\th  1774.08.16,  Mommenheim.
\itemitem{} Father of David \wr.
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\bni
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\centerline{\bf Generation  3}
\sni
  \kern -1.4pt{\bffourteen Daniel \ml},  ca.\ 1770,  \dau\tiret 1855.09.20,  \dau.
  \itemitem{} Marriage  with Caroline Apfel, ca.\th 1798.
\itemitem{} Father of Solomon  \ml.
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\lineb
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\kern -1.4pt{\bffourteen David \wr},  ca.\ 1783, \dau\tiret 1857.03.09,  \dau.
\itemitem{} Marriage  with Sophie Lang:\th 1807.03.24, Traenheim.
\itemitem{} Father of Gottschau \wr.
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\mni
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\centerline{\bf Generation  4}
\sni
  \kern -1.4pt{\bffourteen Solomon \ml},  1804.04.15 [25 
Germinal XII],  \dau\tiret 1865.11.08,  \dau.
\itemitem{} Marriage  with Marie Kling:\th 1835.07.07, \dau.
\itemitem{} Father of Caroline \ml\ and of  Pauline \ml.
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\kern -1.4pt {\bffourteen Gottschau \wr},  1830.12.27,   \dau\tiret  1905.04.19,  Pfaf\-fen\-hof\-fen.
\itemitem{}Husband of Caroline \ml\ \(Generation  5\) and father   of Pauline \wr.
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\bni
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\centerline{\bf Generation  5}
\sni
  \kern -1.4pt{\bffourteen Caroline \ml},  1838.10.22,  \dau\tiret 1908.11.27,  \pfa.
\itemitem{}Marriage  with  Gottschau \wr\ \(Generation  4\):\th 1861.12.11,  \dau.
\itemitem{}Mother of Pauline \wr.
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\lineb
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\kern -1.4pt{\bffourteen Pauline \ml},  1849.09.17,  \dau\tiret 1933.04.13,  \mar.
\itemitem{}Marriage  with  Nathan \we:\th 1872.06.21.
\itemitem{}Mother of Lazare \we.
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\bni
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\centerline{\bf Generation  6}
\sni
  \kern -1.4pt{\bffourteen Pauline \wr},  1878.04.17,  \pfa\tiret 1951.07.24,  Paris.
\itemitem{} Marriage  with  Lazare \we:1909.04.14.
  \itemitem{} Mother of Coralie \we.
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\mni
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  \kern -1.4pt{\bffourteen Lazare \we},  1880.11.25,  \mar\tiret 1968.01.10,  Paris. 
\itemitem{} Father of Coralie \we.
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\bni
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\centerline{\bf Generation  7}
\sni
  \kern -1.4pt{\bffourteen Coralie \we},  1910.03.21,  \mar\tiret 1995.08.07,  New York.
\itemitem{} Marriage  with Albert Herz:\th 1936.02.03,  \mar.
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The book starts off with an explanation of the system used throughout the book to precisely identify 
ancestors. This is followed by  a list of the  symbols, initials and most common references used.
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\mni
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Next comes a list of all the known or possible ancestors of \cw. This list includes three six times 
great-grandparents of Coralie \wl, people who 
were probably born around the middle of the sixteen-hundreds, perhaps during the devastating thirty-years war 
\(1618\tiret 1648\).
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\mni
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After the list  are the seven chapters corresponding to the seven people listed in the chart at the beginning 
of 
this introduction. Each chapter starts with several charts showing the people discussed in the chapter.
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Of special interest is the chapter dealing with the ancestors of Solomon \ml, which 
starts off with a discussion of all the resources and problems involved in doing research for that chapter.
The end of the  chapter on Madeleine Bloch deals with a purported link to several well-known families in 
Alsace, Germany, Austria and Switzerland. Because, in my opinion, the link is far from certain these latter 
people are {\it not\/} included in the list of ancestors.
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As the title of the book indicates, our primary  interest concerns the ancestors of \cw, i.e.\ in the
ascending tree with \cw\ at the base. Because of this,  the other children\tiret aside from the child who is 
also an ancestor\tiret are usually of secondary interest. If the names of other children are known,  e.g.\ 
from the 1808 change of name lists or from the pre-1792 marriage contracts or from the ten-year compilations 
of the civil acts after 1792, etc.,  then these are noted,  but no special effort was undertaken to find all 
the children. Similarly if we came across a marriage act for another child this was noted and occasionally we 
  noted further children. Pierre Katz has done extensive research on the Weills of \mar\ and  I have used his 
results for the children who were not direct ancestors of \cw.
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